Was Peter really the undisputed leader of the early church—or does the New Testament point somewhere else?

In this episode of The Bible Sojourner, we walk through Will Varner’s provocative article, “Was James the First Pope?” and explore the biblical and historical evidence that James, the brother of Jesus, may have functioned as the central leader of the early church in a way many Christians have overlooked.

We look at the centrality of Jerusalem, James’s growing prominence in Acts, Galatians, and 1 Corinthians, his decisive role at the Jerusalem Council, and the way both Josephus and early church writers seem to confirm his importance. Along the way, we also consider what this means for common assumptions about Peter, Paul, Roman Catholic claims, and even Protestant blind spots.

Whether you agree or disagree, this is a fascinating discussion that challenges tradition and pushes us back to the text of Scripture.If you enjoy thoughtful conversations on the Bible, theology, and culture, be sure to subscribe and join the discussion in the comments.

Chapter Headings

• 00:00 Intro: Was James More Important Than Peter?
• 00:00:47 Why This Argument Was So Eye-Opening
• 00:02:06 The Main Thesis of Varner’s Article
• 00:04:35 James and the Centrality of Jerusalem
• 00:06:23 The Gospel Expands From Jerusalem to the Nations
• 00:09:55 Why Jerusalem Was Seen as the Center of the World
• 00:12:25 James’s Rise to Leadership in the Early Church
• 00:15:18 Paul’s Early Contact With Peter and James
• 00:17:02 James, Peter, and John as the “Pillars”
• 00:20:11 Peter Defers to James
• 00:21:31 The Jerusalem Council and James’s Final Judgment
• 00:28:18 Paul Continues to Follow James’s Lead
• 00:33:35 Josephus and the Historical Importance of James
• 00:36:29 James in Early Church Tradition
• 00:42:09 The Letter of James and the Order of the Canon
• 00:45:26 Why James’s Leadership Matters
• 00:50:09 Implications for Catholicism, Orthodoxy, and Protestantism
• 00:54:06 Final Conclusions: Was James the First Pope?
• 00:56:06 Outro

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